真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)操(cao)(cao)作要(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意以下事項
真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)物體(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)通(tong)入一(yi)(yi)(yi)定氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)的(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛內(nei)(nei)進(jin)行燒(shao)(shao)結的(de)方法(fa)。不(bu)(bu)同的(de)材料選擇適宜(yi)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)燒(shao)(shao)結,有助于(yu)燒(shao)(shao)結過(guo)程,提高(gao)(gao)制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)致密化(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)(du)、獲得(de)(de)良好的(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)。速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)有真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、氫、氧(yang)(yang)、氮(dan)和(he)惰性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(如(ru)(ru)氬)等(deng)各種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)。例如(ru)(ru)透明(ming)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鋁(lv)(lv)陶瓷可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氫氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)燒(shao)(shao)結,透明(ming)鐵電(dian)(dian)陶瓷宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氧(yang)(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)燒(shao)(shao)結,氮(dan)化(hua)(hua)物陶瓷如(ru)(ru)氮(dan)化(hua)(hua)鋁(lv)(lv)等(deng)宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)燒(shao)(shao)結。有時為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護燒(shao)(shao)結調協也須在(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛(fen)中操(cao)(cao)作。如(ru)(ru)鉬絲(si)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)宜(yi)通(tong)氫,鎢絲(si)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)條件(jian)(jian)下工作。
用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子的(de)朋友都(dou)(dou)應(ying)該知道(dao),在(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)它們的(de)時候一(yi)(yi)(yi)定不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)超(chao)負荷使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)亦是(shi)如(ru)(ru)此,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)進(jin)行購買爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子的(de)時候一(yi)(yi)(yi)般都(dou)(dou)會告(gao)知生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家自(zi)己所(suo)(suo)需的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du),廠(chang)家按照此溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)來進(jin)行生(sheng)產(chan)(chan),所(suo)(suo)以,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時,切記(ji)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)超(chao)過(guo)此溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)來使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。然(ran)而,這只是(shi)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)注(zhu)(zhu)意其(qi)中的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)點,還有很多需要(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意的(de)地方:
1.爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子及(ji)控制(zhi)柜都(dou)(dou)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)接(jie)地。安裝(zhuang)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)時,正負極要(yao)對照好再進(jin)行安裝(zhuang),安裝(zhuang)時不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)過(guo)猛,防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)裂。
2.所(suo)(suo)有需要(yao)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)工件(jian)(jian)必須清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li)干凈并進(jin)行干燥后方可(ke)(ke)(ke)進(jin)入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei),要(yao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)和(he)污物進(jin)入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)部。
3.進(jin)行熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)實(shi)驗時,要(yao)避免加(jia)(jia)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)和(he)進(jin)行熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)發(fa)生(sheng)反應(ying),尤(you)其(qi)足(zu)銅、鋁(lv)(lv)、鋅、錫(xi)、鉛等(deng)與真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)接(jie)觸,無(wu)(wu)論是(shi)細粉(fen)、熔(rong)液或蒸汽等(deng),防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)體(ti)表面侵蝕形成(cheng)“麻坑”,截面變小(xiao),后過(guo)熱(re)而燒(shao)(shao)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。
4.如(ru)(ru)發(fa)現儀(yi)表不(bu)(bu)正常(chang)工作或控制(zhi)失靈等(deng)現象時,應(ying)立即停爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)進(jin)行檢修,不(bu)(bu)要(yao)強行操(cao)(cao)作,以免損壞電(dian)(dian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。
5.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)完(wan)畢后,要(yao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)掉所(suo)(suo)有開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)。待爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)降至(zhi)常(chang)溫(wen)(wen)時,把爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li)干凈,方便下次使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
6.速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)后,不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)突然(ran)破壞真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong),更不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)打開(kai)(kai)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)門。注(zhu)(zhu)意充大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)去(qu)前,應(ying)關(guan)(guan)(guan)閉(bi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan),防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計老(lao)(lao)化(hua)(hua)。當溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)400℃時,不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)急劇冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)。對于(yu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)好以及(ji)冷(leng)(leng)熱(re)變化(hua)(hua)大(da)情(qing)況下,容易引起氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)。
7.在(zai)(zai)(zai)充入氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)前,應(ying)關(guan)(guan)(guan)閉(bi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan),防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)計老(lao)(lao)化(hua)(hua);
8.速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)要(yao)經常(chang)清(qing)(qing)潔爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛,要(yao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)皮(pi)等(deng)雜質(zhi)掉在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)上,發(fa)生(sheng)短路,甚至(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)壞鉬加(jia)(jia)熱(re)棒(bang)。底(di)板(ban)、鉬加(jia)(jia)熱(re)棒(bang)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)層等(deng)耐熱(re)鋼構件(jian)(jian)每使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時間,應(ying)該進(jin)行清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li),嚴禁敲擊,可(ke)(ke)(ke)小(xiao)心清(qing)(qing)除其(qi)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)皮(pi)。氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鐵皮(pi)等(deng)雜質(zhi)如(ru)(ru)不(bu)(bu)及(ji)時清(qing)(qing)除,就會熔(rong)融(rong)處(chu)與保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)層發(fa)生(sheng)打火,使(shi)鉬絲(si)熔(rong)化(hua)(hua)。
9.冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)系(xi)統(tong)是(shi)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)部分(fen)。冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路應(ying)保(bao)(bao)(bao)持暢透,否則水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)升(sheng)高(gao)(gao)造成(cheng)停機。所(suo)(suo)以要(yao)定期(qi)檢查水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路系(xi)統(tong),但發(fa)現蛇形冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)堵塞時,可(ke)(ke)(ke)先將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路同水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)開(kai)(kai),排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)并用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壓(ya)縮空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)吹通(tong)或用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稀醋酸(suan)溶液沖(chong)洗。
10.切記(ji)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)讓無(wu)(wu)操(cao)(cao)作經驗的(de)人員去(qu)管(guan)理(li)(li)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)凝(ning)(ning)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。