真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)基(ji)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)步驟(zou) 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)利用電(dian)(dian)極電(dian)(dian)弧產生的(de)(de)(de)高溫熔(rong)煉(lian)礦石和金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)弧時(shi)(shi)能(neng)量很集(ji)中(zhong)，弧區溫度在(zai)3000℃以上(shang)。對于(yu)(yu)熔(rong)煉(lian)金(jin)屬(shu)，電(dian)(dian)弧爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)比(bi)其(qi)他(ta)煉(lian)鋼(gang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)工(gong)藝靈活性(xing)大，能(neng)有(you)效地(di)除去硫、磷等(deng)(deng)雜質(zhi)，爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)溫容易(yi)控(kong)制，設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)小，適于(yu)(yu)優質(zhi)合金(jin)鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)煉(lian)。 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)為三個(ge)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，熔(rong)煉(lian)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)和吸(xi)鑄部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，其(qi)基(ji)本(ben)原理(li)是利用爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)和銅(tong)模具之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)壓力(li)差將坩(gan)(gan)堝中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)液態(tai)(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)壓入到(dao)(dao)銅(tong)模中(zhong)，利用循環(huan)水(shui)冷卻和銅(tong)良好的(de)(de)(de)散熱性(xing)達(da)到(dao)(dao)使液態(tai)(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)快速冷卻凝(ning)固(gu)，制備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)非晶(jing)態(tai)(tai)合金(jin)，其(qi)基(ji)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)步驟(zou)如下： 　　準備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)階段(duan) 　　1. 打開(kai)(kai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，將坩(gan)(gan)堝與(yu)兩極清(qing)洗干(gan)(gan)凈，用吹風機(ji)(ji)吹干(gan)(gan)。 　　2. 將待熔(rong)煉(lian)金(jin)屬(shu)放(fang)入坩(gan)(gan)堝中(zhong)，關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，均勻擰緊(jin)各(ge)(ge)緊(jin)固(gu)件(jian)。檢查各(ge)(ge)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)各(ge)(ge)個(ge)閥門(men)(men)處于(yu)(yu)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)狀態(tai)(tai)。 　　3. 打開(kai)(kai)電(dian)(dian)源總(zong)閘，循環(huan)水(shui)閥門(men)(men);依次(ci)打開(kai)(kai)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)循環(huan)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)源開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)，電(dian)(dian)源開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)，待設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)運行穩(wen)定(ding)。打開(kai)(kai)控(kong)制柜(ju)***下方的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵電(dian)(dian)源開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)。 　　抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)階段(duan) 　　1. 設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)穩(wen)定(ding)后(hou)，打開(kai)(kai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)閥門(men)(men)與(yu)機(ji)(ji)泵開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)源，按紅色指示(shi)器按鈕(niu)(niu)(名稱)啟動(dong)壓力(li)顯(xian)示(shi) 屏，進(jin)行***級(ji)(ji)抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 　　2. 在(zai)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)利用擰緊(jin)扳手均勻擰緊(jin)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)蓋上(shang)各(ge)(ge)個(ge)緊(jin)固(gu)件(jian)及爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)下部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)密封(feng) 件(jian)。 　　3. 等(deng)(deng)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)壓力(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)初級(ji)(ji)設定(ding)之(zhi)后(hou)(此(ci)時(shi)(shi)左側顯(xian)示(shi)屏顯(xian)示(shi)數(shu)字(zi))，依次(ci)打開(kai)(kai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵閥門(men)(men)， 分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan);關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)閥門(men)(men)，關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)機(ji)(ji)泵開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)，利用分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵進(jin)行第二級(ji)(ji)抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 　　4. 等(deng)(deng)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)壓力(li)達(da)到(dao)(dao)設定(ding)之(zhi)后(hou)(此(ci)時(shi)(shi)右側側顯(xian)示(shi)屏顯(xian)示(shi)數(shu)字(zi))，依次(ci)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵閥門(men)(men)， 分(fen)(fen)(fen)子泵按鈕(niu)(niu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)，關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)紅色指示(shi)器按鈕(niu)(niu)(名稱)。設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)抽(chou)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)完畢。 　　5. 打開(kai)(kai)放(fang)氣(qi)閥門(men)(men)向抽(chou)完真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)沖(chong)入高純氬氣(qi)到(dao)(dao)一個(ge)大氣(qi)壓左右。 　　6. 重復1-3步驟(zou)2到(dao)(dao)3次(ci)保證真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)不含有(you)殘留空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)抽不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)干凈是(shi)(shi)啥(sha)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)平時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗中(zhong)如(ru)果(guo)(guo)有(you)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，就(jiu)(jiu)需(xu)(xu)要一個(ge)(ge)(ge)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)蒸(zheng)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)需(xu)(xu)要加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)也能(neng)(neng)(neng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua))，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)過長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)拉(la)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)來(lai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)掉這(zhe)部(bu)(bu)分液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)從而(er)達(da)到高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(等(deng)穩定)。如(ru)果(guo)(guo)長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)都(dou)達(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到目標氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話，就(jiu)(jiu)要考慮系(xi)統和(he)羅茨泵了(le)(le)(le)，你可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)直接(jie)(jie)測一下(xia)(xia)羅茨泵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)限真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)接(jie)(jie)入其(qi)他系(xi)統)，若完(wan)(wan)(wan)好則就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密封(feng)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)了(le)(le)(le)。 　　(1)水冷(leng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)蓋、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)別處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)(水冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji))、中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)門等(deng)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，均在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、受熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種極(ji)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)，必須(xu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)變形、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)損(sun)壞，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密封(feng)圈(quan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)燒(shao)(shao)毀(hui)(hui)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應該根據(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)水冷(leng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)正常運(yun)行(xing)并(bing)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。 　　(2)采(cai)用低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流：在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器內(nei)(nei)，當(dang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)為(wei)幾托一lxlo-1托的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍內(nei)(nei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)(xia)，會產(chan)生輝(hui)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現(xian)象。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)，嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會產(chan)生弧光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒(shao)(shao)毀(hui)(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)層等(deng)，造成(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)事故和(he)損(sun)失(shi)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，一般都(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過80一100伏。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)結(jie)構設(she)計時(shi)(shi)(shi)要采(cai)取(qu)有(you)效措(cuo)施，如(ru)盡量避免有(you)***的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)太小(xiao)窄，以(yi)(yi)(yi)防止(zhi)輝(hui)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)者(zhe)弧光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。 　　(3)大(da)部(bu)(bu)分加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)只能(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)使(shi)用：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)襯料(liao)(liao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)下(xia)(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)對(dui)這(zhe)些材(cai)料(liao)(liao)提出了(le)(le)(le)耐高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)，蒸(zheng)汽壓低，輻射效果(guo)(guo)好，導(dao)(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)數小(xiao)等(deng)要求(qiu)。對(dui)抗氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)要求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)廣泛采(cai)用了(le)(le)(le)鉭、鎢、鉬(mu)和(he)石墨等(deng)作(zuo)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)構料(liao)(liao)。這(zhe)些材(cai)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)極(ji)易(yi)(yi)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，常規熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)采(cai)用這(zhe)些加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。 　　(4)嚴(yan)(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密封(feng)：金屬(shu)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)均在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)密閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，獲得(de)和(he)維持爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子(zi)原(yuan)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏氣(qi)(qi)(qi)率，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)，對(dui)確(que)(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量有(you)著非常重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)關(guan)鍵問題(ti)，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)要有(you)可(ke)(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密封(feng)結(jie)構。為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)結(jie)構設(she)計中(zhong)必須(xu)道(dao)循一個(ge)(ge)(ge)基本原(yuan)則，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)要采(cai)用氣(qi)(qi)(qi)密焊接(jie)(jie)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)盡量少開(kai)或(huo)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)孔，少采(cai)用或(huo)者(zhe)避免采(cai)用動(dong)(dong)密封(feng)結(jie)構，以(yi)(yi)(yi)盡量減少真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機會。安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、附件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)如(ru)水冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶導(dao)(dao)(dao)出裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)也都(dou)必須(xu)設(she)計密封(feng)結(jie)構。 　　(5)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)(du)之所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，是(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)金屬(shu)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、冷(leng)卻等(deng)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)，需(xu)(xu)要十(shi)幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)甚(shen)至幾十(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)來(lai)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)。這(zhe)些動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)內(nei)(nei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)無法接(jie)(jie)近。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)，有(you)些動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)如(ru)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)結(jie)束后，金屬(shu)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)淬火工(gong)序(xu)須(xu)六個(ge)(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)并(bing)且(qie)要在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)15秒鐘(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)(nei)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)樣迅速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)許多動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，是(shi)(shi)很容易(yi)(yi)造成(cheng)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊張而(er)構成(cheng)誤操(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，只有(you)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目動(dong)(dong)化(hua)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)準確(que)(que)、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)按(an)程(cheng)序(xu)協調動(dong)(dong)。