真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)操作前(qian)需要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)哪些安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)操作前(qian)需要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)好哪些安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)呢?今(jin)天八(ba)佳的(de)(de)小編就和(he)大家說說。 　　1.檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)電(dian)源系統，皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)盤皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)松緊，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)油是否(fou)位于油封(feng)觀察(cha)(cha)孔中(zhong)線(xian)。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)妥(tuo)后(hou)(hou)，人工轉動真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)盤，如無異常(chang)，可(ke)在(zai)關閉蝶閥的(de)(de)情(qing)況下，啟動真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)。 　　2.在(zai)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)內情(qing)況時，要(yao)(yao)求真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)內上(shang)等衛(wei)生，感應圈絕緣良好，密(mi)封(feng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)膠帶(dai)(dai)具有(you)彈(dan)性，尺寸合格(ge)。 　　3.接著檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)杠(gang)桿手把啟動是否(fou)靈(ling)活。轉動式(shi)麥(mai)氏真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)計是否(fou)合乎要(yao)(yao)求。石(shi)墨坩堝，裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)配(pei)件(jian)是否(fou)齊全(quan)。 　　4.在(zai)以上(shang)準備就緒(xu)后(hou)(hou)，接通真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)源，中(zhong)頻(pin)電(dian)源合閘，按中(zhong)頻(pin)啟動規則，試(shi)啟動變(bian)頻(pin)，成(cheng)功(gong)后(hou)(hou)停止變(bian)頻(pin)，方(fang)可(ke)開爐(lu)(lu)(lu)。 　　5.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)蓋(gai)的(de)(de)觀察(cha)(cha)、測溫(wen)孔，每次開爐(lu)(lu)(lu)均需清潔(jie)處(chu)理，以便觀察(cha)(cha)和(he)測溫(wen)。 　　6.裝真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)時應根(gen)據不(bu)同燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)產品，采取相應裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)方(fang)式(shi)。按有(you)關材質(zhi)裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)規則裝盤，不(bu)得隨(sui)意更改。 　　7.為了保持恒溫(wen)，防止熱輻射，發熱坩堝上(shang)加二層碳(tan)纖(xian)維，再罩上(shang)隔(ge)熱屏。墊好真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)膠帶(dai)(dai)。 　　8.凡在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)條件(jian)下，容(rong)易揮發影(ying)響真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)衛(wei)生，造成(cheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)管道堵塞、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)臟(zang)化(hua)的(de)(de)工件(jian)或(huo)容(rong)器，不(bu)得入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)。產品加有(you)成(cheng)型劑(如油或(huo)石(shi)蠟)，必須脫掉方(fang)可(ke)入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)，否(fou)則會(hui)造成(cheng)不(bu)佳后(hou)(hou)果。

　　據說這家的真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)就是(shi)敢(gan)和(he)(he)你剛 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)主(zhu)要用(yong)于(yu)各種稀土(tu)永磁材料(liao)(liao)的熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian),合金的冶煉(lian)(lian)(lian)。是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種集真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)、自動(dong)(dong)噴(pen)鑄、冷(leng)凝器、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)體的精密設備，主(zhu)要由(you)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)電(dian)源、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)、甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置、等(deng)(deng)部(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)目前已在各大高(gao)校研究(jiu)所應用(yong)于(yu)對稀有金屬釹鐵硼(0.2—0.3mm厚)的熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)和(he)(he)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)成(cheng)型，該(gai)設備具有科技含量高(gao)、操作(zuo)(zuo)簡單，熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)時間短、節能***等(deng)(deng)特(te)點。產品(pin)(pin)各項指(zhi)標達到(dao)或(huo)超過日(ri)本同類產品(pin)(pin)的性能。 　　八佳設計的真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)由(you)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)室、甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置、坩(gan)堝自動(dong)(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降裝置、氣路系(xi)統、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殼(ke)和(he)(he)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)電(dian)源等(deng)(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)。下面(mian)我們來逐一(yi)(yi)了解(jie)下各組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)分的功能。 　　1、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)室：采用(yong)304板組(zu)焊而成(cheng)并做表面(mian)處理(li)，爐(lu)(lu)(lu)門(men)上裝有大尺寸(cun)觀察窗，既滿(man)足高(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)要求，又便(bian)(bian)于(yu)觀察實驗情況(kuang)。 　　2、甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)采用(yong)伺服電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)，無極(ji)調速，密封(feng)采用(yong)磁流體密封(feng)裝置，銅棍拆卸方便(bian)(bian)。轉動(dong)(dong)平(ping)穩(wen)，噪音極(ji)低。 　　3、坩(gan)堝自動(dong)(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降系(xi)統：采用(yong)伺服電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降，可(ke)根據不同材料(liao)(liao)設備不同噴(pen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)參數。 　　4、氣路系(xi)統：由(you)電(dian)磁閥(fa)、壓力罐、手動(dong)(dong)閥(fa)門(men)和(he)(he)管路組(zu)成(cheng)。 　　5、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殼(ke)：八佳設計的真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)結合國內外設備外觀經驗，根據自身設備特(te)點，設計出合理(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殼(ke)，外表噴(pen)塑處理(li)。 　　6、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)電(dian)源：定制的專用(yong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)電(dian)源，操作(zuo)(zuo)簡單，結構小巧。 　　還(huan)有一(yi)(yi)個亮點需值得一(yi)(yi)提的是(shi)八佳真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)是(shi)觸摸屏+PLC控制，可(ke)視化操作(zuo)(zuo)界(jie)面(mian)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)用(yong)(yong)途及分(fen)(fen)類 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)粉末冶金(jin)制品(pin)、金(jin)屬(shu)注射成型(xing)制品(pin)、不銹鋼基、硬質(zhi)合(he)金(jin)、超合(he)金(jin)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)比重(zhong)合(he)金(jin)、陶(tao)瓷材料(liao)、磁(ci)性材料(liao)、釹鐵硼等(deng)的(de)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)分(fen)(fen)類主要(yao)(yao)有兩種(zhong)(zhong)： 　　一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)以溫(wen)度分(fen)(fen)為普通燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(1300℃及以下(xia))，中(zhong)(zhong)溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(1300℃~1600℃)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(1600℃~2400℃)。 　　另一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)以真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)度的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)低來(lai)劃分(fen)(fen)，可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為低真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)和超高(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)。 　　用(yong)(yong)途及特點： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)主要(yao)(yao)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)特種(zhong)(zhong)陶(tao)瓷(碳化硅(gui)(gui)(SiSIC)、碳化硼、氮(dan)化硅(gui)(gui)以及氮(dan)化硅(gui)(gui)結(jie)合(he)碳化硅(gui)(gui)等(deng))、高(gao)(gao)(gao)熔點金(jin)屬(shu)、硬質(zhi)合(he)金(jin)以及其它粉體材料(liao)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)結(jie)，更適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)碳化硅(gui)(gui)(SiSIC)制品(pin)的(de)重(zhong)結(jie)晶燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)成工(gong)藝，也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)對一些高(gao)(gao)(gao)熔點金(jin)屬(shu)進(jin)行退(tui)火(huo)及光亮、除氣處理(li)(li)等(deng)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶爐(lu)(lu)(lu)采用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)源加熱原(yuan)理(li)(li)，有效避免了電(dian)(dian)阻內(nei)熱真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)絕緣問題，因(yin)此(ci)在2000℃~2400℃的(de)溫(wen)度段(duan)相比電(dian)(dian)阻爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)有較大(da)的(de)優勢。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐冶金(jin)特(te)點是什么 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是使在(zai)常壓下進(jin)行的(de)(de)物理(li)化學反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應條件有(you)了(le)改變，這主要(yao)體(ti)現在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)相壓力的(de)(de)降低上。只(zhi)要(yao)冶金(jin)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應中有(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)相參(can)加，而(er)(er)且(qie)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成物中的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)摩(mo)爾(er)數(shu)大(da)于反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應物中的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)摩(mo)爾(er)數(shu)的(de)(de)數(shu)值時，若減小系統(tong)的(de)(de)壓力，則可以使平衡(heng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應向(xiang)(xiang)著增加氣(qi)(qi)(qi)態物質的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動，這就是真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中物理(li)化學反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應的(de)(de)根本特(te)點。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐的(de)(de)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)和澆注的(de)(de)主要(yao)缺點之一(yi)是合(he)(he)金(jin)成分(fen)(主要(yao)是一(yi)些比(bi)(bi)較活潑的(de)(de)元素(su))由于燒損(sun)不易準確控(kong)制(zhi)，而(er)(er)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)不受周圍氣(qi)(qi)(qi)氛污染，金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)液與(yu)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和氮脫(tuo)離接觸(chu)，所以真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)能(neng)(neng)嚴格控(kong)制(zhi)合(he)(he)金(jin)中活潑元素(su)，如鋁(lv)(lv)、鈦等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)含量(liang)，將(jiang)合(he)(he)金(jin)成分(fen)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)很窄的(de)(de)范圍內(nei)，因而(er)(er)能(neng)(neng)保證合(he)(he)金(jin)的(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)、質量(liang)及其穩定(ding)性。 　　大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)碳氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應對(dui)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)液起(qi)著除氣(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)和機械攪拌作(zuo)用(yong)，但由于碳的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)力不強，不能(neng)(neng)單獨用(yong)作(zuo)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)劑(ji)，往往要(yao)用(yong)硅、鋁(lv)(lv)等(deng)(deng)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)劑(ji)進(jin)行沉淀脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中，由于氣(qi)(qi)(qi)相壓力低，且(qie)碳氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成的(de)(de)CO氣(qi)(qi)(qi)泡能(neng)(neng)夠不斷的(de)(de)被抽走(zou)，而(er)(er)使平衡(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成CO的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動，即[C]+[O]={CO}反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)應不斷向(xiang)(xiang)右方(fang)(fang)進(jin)行，從(cong)而(er)(er)提高了(le)碳的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)力。大(da)量(liang)實踐數(shu)據(ju)表明：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)與(yu)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)相比(bi)(bi)較，碳的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)力約提高100倍。 　　當真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒結爐真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)鎳(nie)基合(he)(he)金(jin)時，將(jiang)合(he)(he)金(jin)的(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)含量(liang)降低到20×10以下是不難做到的(de)(de)。真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)下用(yong)碳脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，不僅具有(you)高的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)力，而(er)(er)且(qie)其脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)物是氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)，易于排除，而(er)(er)不沾污金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)池(chi)，這比(bi)(bi)用(yong)硅、鋁(lv)(lv)等(deng)(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成固態脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)物的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)劑(ji)要(yao)優越(yue)得多，因此在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中，碳是理(li)想的(de)(de)脫(tuo)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)劑(ji)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)技巧 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)即真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技術(shu)(shu)與熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)兩個(ge)***相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)歸納技術(shu)(shu)，是指(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)工藝的(de)悉數(shu)和部分(fen)(fen)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)進行的(de)。我國將真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)劃分(fen)(fen)為(wei)低、中、高(gao)和超高(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)在(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工范疇有(you)(you)著很好的(de)發展前景(jing)，用(yong)(yong)于：透熱(re)(re)(re)、軋制(zhi)、鍛(duan)造、彎管、熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(淬火(huo)(huo))、焊接等工藝的(de)感應加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)。那么(me)爐(lu)(lu)子的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)技巧是什么(me)呢1.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)鈦合(he)金(jin)時(shi)，不宜用(yong)(yong)氮氣(qi)作為(wei)冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)體，因(yin)為(wei)鈦和氮在(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)下(xia)反(fan)響(xiang)，構成金(jin)黃色的(de)氮化鈦。 　　2.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)活(huo)動(dong)銜(xian)(xian)接部分(fen)(fen)悉數(shu)采用(yong)(yong)O型橡膠圈密封銜(xian)(xian)接，此部分(fen)(fen)均通水冷(leng)卻(que)。 　　3.工件在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)淬火(huo)(huo)，應運用(yong)(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)淬火(huo)(huo)油，此油具有(you)(you)較低的(de)飽和蒸(zheng)氣(qi)壓(ya)。 　　4.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)保(bao)養(yang)應在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)或(huo)充純氮狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，避免平時(shi)不用(yong)(yong)時(shi)吸氣(qi)，吸潮。 　　5.國內(nei)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)壓(ya)升率應不大于1.33Pa/h，國外某些(xie)企業的(de)標準(zhun)為(wei)6.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)以輻(fu)射為(wei)主，工件在(zai)爐(lu)(lu)內(nei)應該堅持(chi)間(jian)距。 　　7.升溫(wen)(wen)過程中，工件及爐(lu)(lu)內(nei)材(cai)料會放(fang)氣(qi)，使真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度下(xia)降。 　　8.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)回火(huo)(huo)、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)退火(huo)(huo)、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)固溶處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)及真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)時(shi)效(xiao)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)(wen)度一般(ban)與慣例處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)時(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)(wen)度相(xiang)同。 　　9.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)應該具有(you)(you)快(kuai)冷(leng)裝置。冷(leng)卻(que)水的(de)壓(ya)力應該大于0.2Mpa，流量應可(ke)調。 　　10.冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)體：鋼一般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之99.995純度的(de)氮氣(qi)，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)合(he)金(jin)采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之99.999的(de)氮氣(qi)或(huo)氬氣(qi)，鈦合(he)金(jin)采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之99.995的(de)氬氣(qi)。 　　11.升溫(wen)(wen)：放(fang)入工件后，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉爐(lu)(lu)一般(ban)先預抽(chou)至6.67Pa時(shi)方(fang)可(ke)升溫(wen)(wen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)是(shi)(shi)有(you)哪些 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)感應(ying)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)法(fa)(fa)，把坩堝封閉(bi)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)室中(zhong)(zhong)，利用(yong)電磁感應(ying)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)渦流作(zuo)為熱(re)(re)源(yuan)，在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)或惰性氣體(ti)狀態下把合金(或是(shi)(shi)導電材料)原料進(jin)(jin)(jin)行脫氣、熔(rong)(rong)化處(chu)(chu)理(li)，通過(guo)坩堝傾爐(lu)系統澆鑄，經過(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)間包在(zai)水冷(leng)(leng)輥上(shang)急速凝固后形成(cheng)薄(bo)片，再(zai)在(zai)水冷(leng)(leng)盤上(shang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行慢速降溫(wen)，在(zai)撥鑿的(de)(de)(de)(de)攪拌下，把合金降到30℃左右(you)，形成(cheng)大(da)不(bu)薄(bo)厚均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)合金薄(bo)片的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)設(she)備(bei)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)是(shi)(shi)生產(chan)合金(永磁材料)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)設(she)備(bei)，是(shi)(shi)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)鑄片工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)取代(dai)傳動(dong)鑄錠工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)想替代(dai)設(she)備(bei)。 　　關(guan)于真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)： 　　爐(lu)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)一般包括(kuo)：加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)、保(bao)溫(wen)、冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)三個過(guo)程(cheng)，有(you)時只有(you)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)與冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)兩個過(guo)程(cheng)。這(zhe)些過(guo)程(cheng)都是(shi)(shi)互(hu)相銜接(jie)，不(bu)可間斷。 　　加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)是(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)序之一，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)對金屬(shu)(shu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)方法(fa)(fa)很(hen)多，早(zao)期是(shi)(shi)采用(yong)木炭和(he)煤作(zuo)為熱(re)(re)源(yuan)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)使用(yong)液體(ti)與氣體(ti)燃料。 　　要(yao)知道，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)易于控制，且無環(huan)境污染;利用(yong)這(zhe)些熱(re)(re)源(yuan)可以(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直接(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)，也(ye)可以(yi)通過(guo)熔(rong)(rong)融的(de)(de)(de)(de)鹽或是(shi)(shi)金屬(shu)(shu)，以(yi)至(zhi)浮動(dong)粒子進(jin)(jin)(jin)行間接(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)。 　　此外，加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)是(shi)(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒結爐(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參數之一，選擇(ze)和(he)控制加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)是(shi)(shi)保(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速凝爐(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)質量的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)問(wen)題。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)熱處(chu)理技(ji)巧(qiao) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)熱處(chu)理即真(zhen)(zhen)空技(ji)術(shu)與熱處(chu)理兩個***相結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)歸納技(ji)術(shu)，是(shi)指熱處(chu)理工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)悉數和(he)部分在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空狀態(tai)(tai)下(xia)(xia)進行的(de)(de)(de)。我(wo)國(guo)將真(zhen)(zhen)空劃分為(wei)低(di)、中、高(gao)和(he)超高(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)空。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)熱加(jia)工(gong)(gong)范疇有著(zhu)很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展前景，用于(yu)(yu)：透熱、軋制、鍛(duan)造、彎管(guan)、熱處(chu)理(淬(cui)(cui)火)、焊接等(deng)工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)感(gan)應加(jia)熱。那(nei)么(me)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子的(de)(de)(de)熱處(chu)理技(ji)巧(qiao)是(shi)什么(me)呢? 　　1.真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)處(chu)理鈦合(he)金(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，不宜用氮(dan)(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體，因為(wei)鈦和(he)氮(dan)(dan)在(zai)高(gao)溫下(xia)(xia)反響(xiang)，構成金(jin)黃(huang)色的(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)(dan)化鈦。 　　2.真(zhen)(zhen)空爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)活動銜接部分悉數采用O型橡膠(jiao)圈(quan)密封銜接，此(ci)部分均通水(shui)冷(leng)卻(que)。 　　3.工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空狀態(tai)(tai)下(xia)(xia)淬(cui)(cui)火，應運(yun)用真(zhen)(zhen)空淬(cui)(cui)火油，此(ci)油具(ju)有較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)飽和(he)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)。 　　4.真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)保養(yang)應在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空或充純(chun)氮(dan)(dan)狀態(tai)(tai)下(xia)(xia)，避免平時(shi)(shi)(shi)不用時(shi)(shi)(shi)吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，吸(xi)潮。 　　5.國(guo)內(nei)(nei)真(zhen)(zhen)空爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)升率應不大于(yu)(yu)1.33Pa/h，國(guo)外某些(xie)企業的(de)(de)(de)標準為(wei)0.67Pa/h 　　6.真(zhen)(zhen)空加(jia)熱以輻射為(wei)主，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)應該堅持間距。 　　7.升溫過程中，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)及爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)材料(liao)會放氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，使真(zhen)(zhen)空度(du)(du)下(xia)(xia)降。 　　8.真(zhen)(zhen)空回火、真(zhen)(zhen)空退(tui)火、真(zhen)(zhen)空固溶處(chu)理及真(zhen)(zhen)空時(shi)(shi)(shi)效的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱溫度(du)(du)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)與慣例(li)處(chu)理時(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)熱溫度(du)(du)相同。 　　9.真(zhen)(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)應該具(ju)有快冷(leng)裝置。冷(leng)卻(que)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力應該大于(yu)(yu)0.2Mpa，流(liu)量應可(ke)調。 　　10.冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體：鋼一(yi)般(ban)(ban)采用百分之99.995純(chun)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，高(gao)溫合(he)金(jin)采用百分之99.999的(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)或氬(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，鈦合(he)金(jin)采用百分之99.995的(de)(de)(de)氬(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。 　　11.升溫：放入工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)后，真(zhen)(zhen)空熔煉爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)先預抽至6.67Pa時(shi)(shi)(shi)方可(ke)升溫加(jia)熱。

　　真空燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐的(de)用途 　　真空燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐為數字化(hua)(hua)控制的(de)石墨加熱爐，主(zhu)要用于碳(tan)化(hua)(hua)硅陶瓷、碳(tan)化(hua)(hua)硼陶瓷等(deng)非氧化(hua)(hua)物陶瓷及(ji)其復合材料的(de)脫脂與燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)。爐底也(ye)是(shi)由內(nei)外封(feng)頭和法蘭組成(cheng)，中間水(shui)(shui)冷(leng)，固定(ding)在爐體底部(bu)，有電極(ji)引入，下壓頭進(jin)氣隔膜閥等(deng)組成(cheng)，并裝(zhuang)(zhuang)可調節高度(du)位(wei)(wei)(wei)移傳感(gan)器(qi). 　　真空燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐十大安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)注(zhu)意事項： 　　1、檢查控制柜中所有部(bu)件及(ji)配(pei)件是(shi)否(fou)完備(bei)、完好。 　　2、真空燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐控制柜安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)地基上，并固定(ding)。 　　3、安照接(jie)線圖，并參考電氣原理圖，接(jie)通外接(jie)主(zhu)回(hui)路(lu)及(ji)控制回(hui)路(lu)，并可靠接(jie)地，保(bao)證接(jie)線無(wu)誤。 　　4、檢查電器(qi)可動(dong)部(bu)分(fen)應(ying)活動(dong)自如，無(wu)卡死現象。 　　5、絕緣電阻應(ying)不(bu)低(di)于2兆歐姆。 　　6、真空燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐各閥門必須在關閉位(wei)(wei)(wei)置。 　　7、控制電源開(kai)關放(fang)在關位(wei)(wei)(wei)。 　　8、手動(dong)調壓旋鈕逆時針旋動(dong)頭。 　　9、報警鈕放(fang)在開(kai)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。 　　10、按(an)平面圖完成(cheng)真空甩(shuai)帶爐的(de)循環(huan)冷(leng)卻(que)水(shui)(shui)聯(lian)接(jie)，建議用戶在設備(bei)總進(jin)出水(shui)(shui)管處再接(jie)入一備(bei)用水(shui)(shui)(可用自來水(shui)(shui))，防止循環(huan)水(shui)(shui)有故(gu)障(zhang)或斷電導致密封(feng)圈燒(shao)(shao)壞。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)特性有(you)(you)哪(na)些呢 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)特性有(you)(you)哪(na)些呢?今天(tian)八佳(jia)小(xiao)編就(jiu)和大(da)(da)(da)家說說，我們做個(ge)(ge)詳細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了解。 　　(1) 嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)： 　　眾所(suo)(suo)(suo)周(zhou)知，金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理均在(zai)(zai)密(mi)閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，因(yin)此(ci)，獲得(de)和維持爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子原定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)氣(qi)(qi)率，保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度，對確保(bao)(bao)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)有(you)(you)著非常重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)關鍵(jian)問題(ti)，就(jiu)是要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)可靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)性能(neng)，在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)結(jie)構設(she)(she)計(ji)中必須遵循(xun)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)基本原則，就(jiu)是爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)密(mi)焊接(jie)，同(tong)時(shi)在(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)上盡量(liang)少(shao)開或(huo)(huo)者不(bu)開孔，少(shao)采用(yong)(yong)或(huo)(huo)者避免采用(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構，以(yi)(yi)(yi)盡量(liang)減少(shao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機會(hui)。安裝在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)(ti)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、附件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)如(ru)水(shui)冷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶導出裝置(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)都(dou)必須設(she)(she)計(ji)密(mi)封(feng)結(jie)構。 　　(2)大(da)(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)分加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材料只能(neng)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀態下(xia)使用(yong)(yong)： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)襯(chen)料是在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)高(gao)溫下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)而(er)對這(zhe)些材料提(ti)出了耐(nai)高(gao)溫，蒸汽(qi)壓低(di)，輻射效果(guo)好，導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系數小(xiao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)要(yao)(yao)求。對抗氧化(hua)性能(neng)要(yao)(yao)求不(bu)高(gao)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)廣泛(fan)地采用(yong)(yong)了鉭、鎢、鉬和石墨等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)構料。這(zhe)些材料在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)狀態下(xia)極(ji)易(yi)氧化(hua)，因(yin)此(ci)，常規熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)是不(bu)能(neng)采用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)些加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材料。 　　(3)水(shui)冷裝置(zhi)(zhi)： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)蓋(gai)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，分別處(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)(水(shui)冷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji))、中間(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)門等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，均在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、受(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)狀態下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)極(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，必須保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)各部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構不(bu)變形、不(bu)損(sun)壞，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)圈不(bu)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、不(bu)燒毀。因(yin)此(ci)，各部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應該根據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)冷裝置(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)能(neng)夠正常運行(xing)并有(you)(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。 　　(4)采用(yong)(yong)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流： 　　在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容(rong)器內(nei)(nei)，當真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)幾托一(yi)lxlo-1托的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍內(nei)(nei)時(shi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容(rong)器內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導體(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)，會(hui)產生輝光放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)產生弧光放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)層等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，造(zao)成(cheng)重大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)故和損(sun)失。因(yin)此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，一(yi)般都(dou)不(bu)超過80-100伏。同(tong)時(shi)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)結(jie)構設(she)(she)計(ji)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)采取(qu)有(you)(you)效措施，如(ru)盡量(liang)避免有(you)(you)***的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)距(ju)不(bu)能(neng)太小(xiao)窄，以(yi)(yi)(yi)防止(zhi)輝光放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)(huo)者弧光放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。 　　(5)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)程度高(gao)： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)程度之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)較(jiao)高(gao)，是因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、冷卻(que)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，需要(yao)(yao)十幾個(ge)(ge)甚至幾十個(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)來(lai)完成(cheng)。這(zhe)些動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)(nei)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人員無法(fa)接(jie)近(jin)。同(tong)時(shi)，有(you)(you)些動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)如(ru)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)溫結(jie)束后，金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)淬火(huo)工(gong)序(xu)須六個(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)并且要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)15秒鐘(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)(nei)完成(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)樣迅速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)完成(cheng)許多動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，是很容(rong)易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊(jin)張而(er)構成(cheng)誤操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因(yin)此(ci)，只有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)才能(neng)準確、及時(shi)按程序(xu)協(xie)調動(dong)(dong)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)淬(cui)火(huo)方(fang)式及維修方(fang)法 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)主要(yao)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)部件(jian)影響設(she)(she)(she)備安(an)全性(xing)的(de)(de)爐(lu)殼、爐(lu)門及齒圈(quan)的(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)組成(cheng)。由于(yu)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)淬(cui)爐(lu)在正壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)負壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)反復交替使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)特(te)殊性(xing),為(wei)了保(bao)證設(she)(she)(she)備使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)安(an)全性(xing)同時實現(xian)設(she)(she)(she)備的(de)(de)經濟性(xing),對爐(lu)殼和(he)(he)齒圈(quan)通過(guo)計算(suan)(suan)法、查圖法進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)理論計算(suan)(suan),并(bing)采用(yong)(yong)有限元分(fen)析法對結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)安(an)全性(xing)分(fen)析。通過(guo)力(li)(li)學(xue)模型對設(she)(she)(she)計結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)中(zhong)的(de)(de)薄弱環(huan)節進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)優化,達到結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)安(an)全性(xing)的(de)(de)要(yao)求。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)淬(cui)火(huo)有氣(qi)(qi)(qi)淬(cui)和(he)(he)液(ye)淬(cui)兩種。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)淬(cui)即(ji)將工(gong)件(jian)在真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)熱(re)后(hou)(hou)(hou)向冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)室(shi)中(zhong)充以高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度中(zhong)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(如氮)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)。適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)淬(cui)的(de)(de)有高(gao)(gao)(gao)速鋼和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)(gao)碳高(gao)(gao)(gao)鉻鋼等馬(ma)氏體(ti)臨界冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度較(jiao)低的(de)(de)材料。液(ye)淬(cui)是將工(gong)件(jian)在加(jia)熱(re)室(shi)中(zhong)加(jia)熱(re)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，移至冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)室(shi)中(zhong)充入(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)純氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)立即(ji)送入(ru)淬(cui)火(huo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)槽(cao)，快速冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)。如果需要(yao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)表面質量(liang)，工(gong)件(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)淬(cui)火(huo)和(he)(he)固溶熱(re)處理后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)回火(huo)和(he)(he)沉淀硬化仍應(ying)(ying)在真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)門密封(feng)圈(quan)是否受損(sun)(sun)，如果密封(feng)圈(quan)上有污(wu)物(wu)存(cun)在，巨力(li)(li)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器應(ying)(ying)及時進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)清潔，***好用(yong)(yong)棉(mian)(mian)布(bu)蘸(zhan)(zhan)酒精擦(ca)(ca)拭(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)涂真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)脂。檢查爐(lu)內(nei)加(jia)熱(re)元件(jian)爐(lu)床、鉬(mu)屏是否完(wan)好，損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)的(de)(de)零(ling)部件(jian)要(yao)及時維修和(he)(he)更換。爐(lu)內(nei)有污(wu)染(ran)時，用(yong)(yong)吸塵器吸去灰塵寧波除(chu)塵器，并(bing)用(yong)(yong)綢布(bu)蘸(zhan)(zhan)酒精擦(ca)(ca)拭(shi)加(jia)熱(re)室(shi)反射(she)屏及加(jia)熱(re)元件(jian);若爐(lu)體(ti)內(nei)壁有油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污(wu)時，先(xian)用(yong)(yong)棉(mian)(mian)布(bu)蘸(zhan)(zhan)汽油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)除(chu)去油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污(wu)，再用(yong)(yong)棉(mian)(mian)布(bu)蘸(zhan)(zhan)酒精擦(ca)(ca)拭(shi)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉爐(lu)每(mei)次工(gong)作結(jie)束，應(ying)(ying)抽到一定真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度下保(bao)存(cun)。檢查機械泵油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)位(wei)，在油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)位(wei)低于(yu)標(biao)記(ji)線時應(ying)(ying)補加(jia)新(xin)(xin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)至油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)標(biao)處;當發現(xian)機械泵油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)有乳化#油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水混合(he)物(wu)，粘稠并(bing)泛(fan)白色$現(xian)象時，要(yao)及時更換舊油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，其方(fang)法是擰開機械泵放(fang)(fang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)帽，放(fang)(fang)出舊油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，從加(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)加(jia)入(ru)少(shao)許新(xin)(xin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，沖(chong)洗泵腔次，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)擰緊(jin)(jin)機械泵放(fang)(fang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)帽，從加(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)加(jia)注新(xin)(xin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)至標(biao)處不宜過(guo)多(duo)，擰緊(jin)(jin)機械泵加(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)帽。在此過(guo)程中(zhong)，要(yao)防止加(jia)放(fang)(fang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)密封(feng)圈(quan)損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)，如有損(sun)(sun)壞(huai)即(ji)時更換。每(mei)班結(jie)束后(hou)(hou)(hou)，用(yong)(yong)棉(mian)(mian)布(bu)擦(ca)(ca)拭(shi)爐(lu)體(ti)外表，清除(chu)機械泵和(he)(he)擴散泵上的(de)(de)灰塵和(he)(he)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)污(wu)。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)的(de)原理(li)(li)及(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)途 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)是在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)條(tiao)件下(xia)，利(li)用(yong)中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)感(gan)應加(jia)熱(re)原理(li)(li)，將金屬熔化(hua)的(de)成套(tao)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)冶煉(lian)(lian)設備。適用(yong)于科研與生產(chan)單位(wei)對鎳基合(he)(he)金及(ji)(ji)(ji)特殊鋼、精密合(he)(he)金、高溫(wen)合(he)(he)金、有色金屬及(ji)(ji)(ji)其合(he)(he)金在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)或保護氣(qi)氛下(xia)進行(xing)(xing)熔煉(lian)(lian)和(he)(he)澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)。也可用(yong)做稀土金屬及(ji)(ji)(ji)貯氫材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)熔煉(lian)(lian)和(he)(he)澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu). 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)主要結構(gou)(gou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)成：按(an)結構(gou)(gou)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)可分(fen)為立(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)臥式(shi)(shi)兩種(zhong)系(xi)列。按(an)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)方式(shi)(shi)立(li)(li)式(shi)(shi)系(xi)列又分(fen)為上(shang)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、下(xia)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、側(ce)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)三(san)種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi);臥式(shi)(shi)系(xi)列又分(fen)為底出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)兩種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)主要組(zu)成為：電(dian)爐(lu)本(ben)體(含熔煉(lian)(lian)裝置)、真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、進電(dian)裝置、水冷(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、液(ye)壓系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、氣(qi)動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、電(dian)氣(qi)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)源。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)在(zai)熔煉(lian)(lian)過程中(zhong)可在(zai)不破壞熔煉(lian)(lian)室真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)情況下(xia)進行(xing)(xing)測溫(wen)、取(qu)樣(yang)、搗料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、觀察、主補加(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)合(he)(he)金成份調整等。與此同時可通(tong)過充(chong)氣(qi)閥充(chong)入惰(duo)性(xing)氣(qi)體以(yi)控(kong)制爐(lu)內的(de)壓力和(he)(he)氣(qi)氛。澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)可澆(jiao)一錠和(he)(he)多(duo)錠及(ji)(ji)(ji)裝入預熱(re)保溫(wen)錠模、水冷(leng)錠模、砂型箱等以(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)進行(xing)(xing)離(li)心澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)。按(an)功能形(xing)式(shi)(shi)分(fen)為周期式(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)半連續式(shi)(shi)作(zuo)業。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)抽不(bu)(bu)(bu)干(gan)凈是(shi)啥原因 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)平時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)試驗中如(ru)果有(you)液體存(cun)在(zai)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)一個(ge)(ge)液體蒸發的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(高(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)下不(bu)(bu)(bu)需(xu)要(yao)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)也(ye)能(neng)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua))，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間拉真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)來(lai)(lai)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)掉這(zhe)部分液體從而達到高(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(等穩定)。如(ru)果長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間都(dou)達不(bu)(bu)(bu)到目標氣(qi)壓(ya)的(de)(de)話，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)考慮(lv)系統和(he)羅(luo)茨(ci)泵了(le)(le)，你可(ke)以(yi)(yi)直接(jie)測一下羅(luo)茨(ci)泵的(de)(de)極(ji)限真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(不(bu)(bu)(bu)接(jie)入其他系統)，若完好則就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)系統的(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)了(le)(le)。 　　(1)水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)裝置(zhi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)蓋、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)導(dao)別處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji))、中間真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)門等部件(jian)(jian)(jian)，均在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、受熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)狀態下工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)極(ji)為不(bu)(bu)(bu)利的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)下工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，必須(xu)(xu)保證(zheng)各(ge)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構不(bu)(bu)(bu)變形、不(bu)(bu)(bu)損壞，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)燒(shao)毀。因此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)各(ge)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)應該(gai)根據不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)情況設置(zhi)水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)裝置(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)能(neng)夠正常(chang)運行并(bing)有(you)足夠的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。 　　(2)采用(yong)(yong)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流：在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器內(nei)，當真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)為幾(ji)托(tuo)(tuo)一lxlo-1托(tuo)(tuo)的(de)(de)范圍內(nei)時(shi)(shi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器內(nei)的(de)(de)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)體在(zai)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下，會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生輝光(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生弧(hu)光(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒(shao)毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)層等，造成(cheng)重(zhong)大(da)事故和(he)損失。因此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，一般都(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)(guo)80一100伏。同時(shi)(shi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構設計時(shi)(shi)要(yao)采取有(you)效措施，如(ru)盡量(liang)避(bi)免有(you)***的(de)(de)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)間的(de)(de)間距不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)太(tai)小窄，以(yi)(yi)防止輝光(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或者弧(hu)光(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)發生。 　　(3)大(da)部分加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)只(zhi)能(neng)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀態下使用(yong)(yong)：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)襯料(liao)(liao)是(shi)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)高(gao)(gao)溫下工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)，因而對(dui)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)提出了(le)(le)耐高(gao)(gao)溫，蒸汽壓(ya)低(di)(di)，輻射(she)效果好，導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系數小等要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。對(dui)抗氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)廣泛(fan)采用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)鉭、鎢、鉬和(he)石墨等作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)構料(liao)(liao)。這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)大(da)氣(qi)狀態下極(ji)易氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)，因此(ci)，常(chang)規(gui)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)采用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。 　　(4)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)：金(jin)屬零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)均在(zai)密(mi)(mi)(mi)閉的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)進(jin)行，因此(ci)，獲(huo)得和(he)維持爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子(zi)原定的(de)(de)漏氣(qi)率(lv)，保證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)，對(dui)確(que)保零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)質量(liang)有(you)著非常(chang)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)意(yi)義(yi)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)關(guan)鍵問題，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)有(you)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構。為了(le)(le)保證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構設計中必須(xu)(xu)道循一個(ge)(ge)基本原則，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)焊接(jie)，同時(shi)(shi)在(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體上(shang)盡量(liang)少開或者不(bu)(bu)(bu)開孔，少采用(yong)(yong)或者避(bi)免采用(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構，以(yi)(yi)盡量(liang)減(jian)少真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏的(de)(de)機會(hui)。安裝在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體上(shang)的(de)(de)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)、附件(jian)(jian)(jian)等如(ru)水(shui)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶導(dao)出裝置(zhi)也(ye)都(dou)必須(xu)(xu)設計密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構。 　　(5)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)之所(suo)以(yi)(yi)較高(gao)(gao)，是(shi)因為金(jin)屬工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻等操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，需(xu)要(yao)十幾(ji)個(ge)(ge)甚至幾(ji)十個(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)來(lai)(lai)完成(cheng)。這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)進(jin)行，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)無法接(jie)近(jin)。同時(shi)(shi)，有(you)些(xie)(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)如(ru)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)保溫結(jie)(jie)(jie)束后，金(jin)屬工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行淬火(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序須(xu)(xu)六個(ge)(ge)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)并(bing)且要(yao)在(zai)15秒鐘以(yi)(yi)內(nei)完成(cheng)。在(zai)這(zhe)樣迅速的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)(lai)完成(cheng)許多動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，是(shi)很容易造成(cheng)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)緊張(zhang)而構成(cheng)誤操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因此(ci)，只(zhi)有(you)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)目動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)才能(neng)準(zhun)確(que)、及時(shi)(shi)按程(cheng)(cheng)序協調(diao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。