真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在操作前需要(yao)做哪些(xie)安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在操作前需要(yao)做好哪些(xie)安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)呢?今天八(ba)佳的小編就和大家說(shuo)說(shuo)。 　　1.檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系統，皮(pi)帶(dai)盤(pan)皮(pi)帶(dai)松(song)緊，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)油(you)是否(fou)位于(yu)油(you)封(feng)觀(guan)察孔(kong)中線(xian)。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)妥后(hou)，人工轉動(dong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)皮(pi)帶(dai)盤(pan)，如無異常，可在關(guan)閉蝶閥(fa)的情(qing)況下，啟動(dong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)。 　　2.在檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體內(nei)情(qing)況時(shi)，要(yao)求(qiu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體內(nei)上等(deng)衛生，感應(ying)圈絕緣良(liang)好，密封(feng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)膠(jiao)帶(dai)具有彈(dan)性(xing)，尺寸合(he)(he)格。 　　3.接(jie)著檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)杠桿(gan)手把(ba)啟動(dong)是否(fou)靈活。轉動(dong)式麥氏(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)計是否(fou)合(he)(he)乎要(yao)求(qiu)。石(shi)墨(mo)坩堝(guo)，裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)配件(jian)是否(fou)齊全(quan)。 　　4.在以上準(zhun)備就緒后(hou)，接(jie)通真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，中頻電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)合(he)(he)閘，按中頻啟動(dong)規(gui)則(ze)，試啟動(dong)變頻，成功后(hou)停止變頻，方(fang)可開(kai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。 　　5.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體上蓋(gai)的觀(guan)察、測溫孔(kong)，每(mei)次開(kai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)均(jun)需清潔處理，以便觀(guan)察和測溫。 　　6.裝(zhuang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)時(shi)應(ying)根據不(bu)(bu)同燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)產(chan)品(pin)，采取相應(ying)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)方(fang)式。按有關(guan)材質裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)規(gui)則(ze)裝(zhuang)盤(pan)，不(bu)(bu)得隨意更改。 　　7.為了保(bao)持(chi)恒溫，防止熱(re)(re)輻射，發熱(re)(re)坩堝(guo)上加(jia)二(er)層碳纖(xian)維，再罩上隔(ge)熱(re)(re)屏。墊好真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)密封(feng)膠(jiao)帶(dai)。 　　8.凡在真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)條件(jian)下，容(rong)(rong)易揮發影響真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)衛生，造(zao)成真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)管道堵塞、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)臟化的工件(jian)或容(rong)(rong)器，不(bu)(bu)得入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。產(chan)品(pin)加(jia)有成型劑(如油(you)或石(shi)蠟)，必須(xu)脫掉方(fang)可入爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)，否(fou)則(ze)會(hui)造(zao)成不(bu)(bu)佳后(hou)果。

　　據說這家的真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)敢和你剛 　　真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)主要用(yong)于(yu)各種稀(xi)土永磁(ci)(ci)材(cai)料的熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian),合金(jin)的冶煉(lian)(lian)。是(shi)(shi)一種集真空熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)、自動(dong)噴(pen)鑄(zhu)、冷凝(ning)器、機電(dian)(dian)于(yu)一體的精密設(she)(she)備(bei)，主要由熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)、真空機組(zu)、甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置、等部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。 　　真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)目前(qian)已在各大高(gao)校(xiao)研究所應用(yong)于(yu)對稀(xi)有金(jin)屬釹(nv)鐵(tie)硼(peng)(0.2—0.3mm厚(hou))的熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)和甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)成(cheng)(cheng)型，該設(she)(she)備(bei)具有科(ke)技含量高(gao)、操作簡(jian)單，熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)時(shi)間短、節能***等特(te)點。產品各項指標達到或(huo)超過日(ri)本同類產品的性(xing)能。 　　八(ba)佳(jia)設(she)(she)計(ji)的真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)由真空室、甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置、坩堝(guo)(guo)自動(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)降裝置、氣路系統、機殼和熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)等組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。下(xia)面我(wo)們來逐一了解下(xia)各組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分的功能。 　　1、真空室：采(cai)用(yong)304板(ban)組(zu)焊而成(cheng)(cheng)并做表(biao)面處理(li)，爐(lu)門(men)上裝有大尺寸觀察窗，既滿足高(gao)真空要求，又便(bian)于(yu)觀察實驗(yan)情況。 　　2、甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)裝置：真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)采(cai)用(yong)伺服電(dian)(dian)機驅動(dong)，無極調速，密封(feng)采(cai)用(yong)磁(ci)(ci)流體密封(feng)裝置，銅棍(gun)拆(chai)卸方便(bian)。轉動(dong)平穩，噪音極低。 　　3、坩堝(guo)(guo)自動(dong)升(sheng)(sheng)降系統：采(cai)用(yong)伺服電(dian)(dian)機升(sheng)(sheng)降，可根據不同材(cai)料設(she)(she)備(bei)不同噴(pen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)參數(shu)。 　　4、氣路系統：由電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥、壓力罐、手動(dong)閥門(men)和管路組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。 　　5、機殼：八(ba)佳(jia)設(she)(she)計(ji)的真空甩帶(dai)(dai)(dai)爐(lu)結合國內外(wai)設(she)(she)備(bei)外(wai)觀經驗(yan)，根據自身設(she)(she)備(bei)特(te)點，設(she)(she)計(ji)出合理(li)機殼，外(wai)表(biao)噴(pen)塑處理(li)。 　　6、熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)：定(ding)制(zhi)的專用(yong)熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，操作簡(jian)單，結構小巧。 　　還(huan)有一個亮點需值得一提的是(shi)(shi)八(ba)佳(jia)真空熔(rong)煉(lian)(lian)爐(lu)是(shi)(shi)觸摸屏+PLC控制(zhi)，可視化操作界面。

　　真(zhen)空燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)途(tu)及(ji)(ji)分類 　　真(zhen)空燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)主(zhu)要用(yong)于粉末冶金制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)、金屬注(zhu)射成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)、不銹鋼(gang)基(ji)、硬(ying)質合(he)金、超(chao)(chao)合(he)金、高比重合(he)金、陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)材料、磁性材料、釹鐵硼(peng)等的(de)(de)(de)燒(shao)(shao)結。 　　真(zhen)空爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)分類主(zhu)要有(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)： 　　一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)以溫(wen)度分為普通(tong)燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)(1300℃及(ji)(ji)以下)，中溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)(1300℃~1600℃)、高溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)(1600℃~2400℃)。 　　另一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)以真(zhen)空度的(de)(de)(de)高低來劃分，可(ke)分為低真(zhen)空、高真(zhen)空和超(chao)(chao)高真(zhen)空燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)。 　　用(yong)途(tu)及(ji)(ji)特(te)點(dian)： 　　真(zhen)空燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)(lu)主(zhu)要應用(yong)于特(te)種(zhong)(zhong)陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)(碳化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(SiSIC)、碳化(hua)(hua)硼(peng)、氮(dan)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)以及(ji)(ji)氮(dan)化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)結合(he)碳化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)等)、高熔(rong)點(dian)金屬、硬(ying)質合(he)金以及(ji)(ji)其(qi)它粉體材料的(de)(de)(de)高溫(wen)燒(shao)(shao)結，更適(shi)用(yong)于碳化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)(SiSIC)制(zhi)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)重結晶燒(shao)(shao)成(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)藝，也可(ke)用(yong)于對一些高熔(rong)點(dian)金屬進行退火及(ji)(ji)光亮(liang)、除氣處理等。 　　真(zhen)空甩(shuai)帶爐(lu)(lu)采用(yong)中頻電源加(jia)熱原理，有(you)效避(bi)免了(le)電阻(zu)內熱真(zhen)空爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)高溫(wen)絕緣問題，因此在2000℃~2400℃的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度段(duan)相比電阻(zu)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)優勢。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)冶金(jin)(jin)(jin)特(te)點是(shi)什(shen)么(me) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)使在(zai)(zai)常壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理化(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)條件(jian)有了改變，這(zhe)主要(yao)體現在(zai)(zai)氣相(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)(jiang)低上。只要(yao)冶金(jin)(jin)(jin)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)有氣相(xiang)(xiang)參加(jia)，而(er)(er)且反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)生(sheng)成(cheng)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣體摩爾(er)數(shu)(shu)大(da)(da)于(yu)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣體摩爾(er)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)值時(shi)，若減小系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)，則(ze)可以使平衡(heng)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)向(xiang)著增加(jia)氣態物(wu)(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)，這(zhe)就是(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)物(wu)(wu)理化(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本特(te)點。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)氣熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)和澆(jiao)注的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)缺點之一(yi)是(shi)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)成(cheng)分(主要(yao)是(shi)一(yi)些(xie)比(bi)較活(huo)潑的(de)(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)素)由(you)(you)于(yu)燒(shao)(shao)損不(bu)易準確控制(zhi)，而(er)(er)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)不(bu)受周圍氣氛污染，金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)液(ye)與大(da)(da)氣中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)和氮脫離接觸，所以真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)能嚴格(ge)控制(zhi)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)中(zhong)活(huo)潑元(yuan)素，如(ru)鋁、鈦(tai)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)(liang)，將合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)成(cheng)分控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)很窄(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍內(nei)，因而(er)(er)能保證(zheng)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能、質量(liang)(liang)及其(qi)穩定性(xing)。 　　大(da)(da)氣熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)碳(tan)氧(yang)(yang)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)對金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)液(ye)起著除(chu)氣作用(yong)(yong)(yong)和機械攪拌(ban)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，但由(you)(you)于(yu)碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)能力(li)不(bu)強，不(bu)能單(dan)獨用(yong)(yong)(yong)作脫氧(yang)(yang)劑(ji)，往往要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)硅、鋁等金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)脫氧(yang)(yang)劑(ji)進(jin)行沉淀(dian)脫氧(yang)(yang)。在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)，由(you)(you)于(yu)氣相(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)低，且碳(tan)氧(yang)(yang)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)生(sheng)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)CO氣泡能夠不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)被抽走，而(er)(er)使平衡(heng)向(xiang)生(sheng)成(cheng)CO的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)，即[C]+[O]={CO}反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)不(bu)斷(duan)向(xiang)右方(fang)進(jin)行，從而(er)(er)提(ti)高(gao)了碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)能力(li)。大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)實踐數(shu)(shu)據(ju)表明：真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)與大(da)(da)氣熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)較，碳(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)能力(li)約提(ti)高(gao)100倍。 　　當(dang)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結爐(lu)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)鎳基(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)，將合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)含量(liang)(liang)降(jiang)(jiang)低到(dao)20×10以下(xia)是(shi)不(bu)難做到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)下(xia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)碳(tan)脫氧(yang)(yang)，不(bu)僅(jin)具(ju)有高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)能力(li)，而(er)(er)且其(qi)脫氧(yang)(yang)產物(wu)(wu)是(shi)氣體，易于(yu)排(pai)除(chu)，而(er)(er)不(bu)沾污金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池，這(zhe)比(bi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)硅、鋁等生(sheng)成(cheng)固態脫氧(yang)(yang)產物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)劑(ji)要(yao)優越得多，因此在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)，碳(tan)是(shi)理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫氧(yang)(yang)劑(ji)。

　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱處(chu)理(li)技巧 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)熱處(chu)理(li)即真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)技術與熱處(chu)理(li)兩個***相結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歸(gui)納技術，是指熱處(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)悉數和部分(fen)(fen)(fen)在真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)進行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。我(wo)國(guo)將真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)低(di)、中(zhong)(zhong)、高和超(chao)高真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)在熱加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)范疇有著很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展前景，用于(yu)：透熱、軋(ya)制、鍛造、彎管(guan)、熱處(chu)理(li)(淬火)、焊接等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感應(ying)(ying)加(jia)(jia)熱。那(nei)么爐(lu)(lu)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱處(chu)理(li)技巧是什么呢(ni)1.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)處(chu)理(li)鈦(tai)合金時(shi)(shi)，不宜用氮(dan)氣(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)冷(leng)卻氣(qi)體，因為(wei)鈦(tai)和氮(dan)在高溫(wen)下(xia)(xia)反響，構(gou)成金黃色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)化鈦(tai)。 　　2.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)活動(dong)銜(xian)接部分(fen)(fen)(fen)悉數采(cai)用O型(xing)橡膠圈密封銜(xian)接，此部分(fen)(fen)(fen)均通水冷(leng)卻。 　　3.工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)淬火，應(ying)(ying)運用真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)淬火油(you)(you)，此油(you)(you)具(ju)有較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飽和蒸氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)。 　　4.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保養應(ying)(ying)在真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)或(huo)充純(chun)氮(dan)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)(xia)，避免平時(shi)(shi)不用時(shi)(shi)吸氣(qi)，吸潮。 　　5.國(guo)內(nei)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)(sheng)率應(ying)(ying)不大(da)于(yu)1.33Pa/h，國(guo)外某些企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準為(wei)6.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)熱以輻射為(wei)主，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在爐(lu)(lu)內(nei)應(ying)(ying)該堅持(chi)間距。 　　7.升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)及(ji)爐(lu)(lu)內(nei)材料會放(fang)氣(qi)，使真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)度下(xia)(xia)降。 　　8.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)回火、真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)退火、真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)固溶處(chu)理(li)及(ji)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)時(shi)(shi)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱溫(wen)度一般(ban)與慣例處(chu)理(li)時(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)熱溫(wen)度相同(tong)。 　　9.真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)應(ying)(ying)該具(ju)有快冷(leng)裝置。冷(leng)卻水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力應(ying)(ying)該大(da)于(yu)0.2Mpa，流量應(ying)(ying)可(ke)調。 　　10.冷(leng)卻氣(qi)體：鋼一般(ban)采(cai)用百分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)99.995純(chun)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)氣(qi)，高溫(wen)合金采(cai)用百分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)99.999的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)氣(qi)或(huo)氬氣(qi)，鈦(tai)合金采(cai)用百分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)99.995的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氬氣(qi)。 　　11.升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)：放(fang)入(ru)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)后，真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)一般(ban)先(xian)預抽至(zhi)6.67Pa時(shi)(shi)方可(ke)升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)加(jia)(jia)熱。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)哪些 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利用真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)感應熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)法(fa)，把坩堝(guo)封閉在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)室中(zhong)，利用電(dian)磁感應產生的(de)渦流作(zuo)為(wei)熱(re)(re)源，在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)或(huo)惰性(xing)氣(qi)體狀態下(xia)把合金(jin)(或(huo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)導電(dian)材料(liao))原(yuan)料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)脫氣(qi)、熔(rong)(rong)化處(chu)(chu)理，通過(guo)坩堝(guo)傾爐(lu)(lu)系(xi)統澆鑄(zhu)(zhu)，經(jing)過(guo)中(zhong)間(jian)包在(zai)(zai)水(shui)冷輥(gun)上急速凝(ning)固后(hou)形(xing)成薄(bo)片(pian)(pian)，再在(zai)(zai)水(shui)冷盤上進(jin)行(xing)慢速降(jiang)溫(wen)，在(zai)(zai)撥鑿的(de)攪拌下(xia)，把合金(jin)降(jiang)到30℃左右，形(xing)成大不薄(bo)厚均勻的(de)合金(jin)薄(bo)片(pian)(pian)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)設備。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生產合金(jin)(永磁材料(liao))的(de)專用設備，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先進(jin)鑄(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)取代傳動鑄(zhu)(zhu)錠(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)理想替(ti)代設備。 　　關于(yu)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)： 　　爐(lu)(lu)子(zi)的(de)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)一(yi)般包括(kuo)：加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)、保溫(wen)、冷卻(que)(que)三個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，有(you)(you)時只(zhi)有(you)(you)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)與冷卻(que)(que)兩個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。這些過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)互相銜(xian)接(jie)，不可(ke)間(jian)斷。 　　加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理中(zhong)重要工(gong)(gong)(gong)序之一(yi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)對金(jin)屬(shu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理的(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)方法(fa)很多，早期是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采用木炭和煤作(zuo)為(wei)熱(re)(re)源，進(jin)而使(shi)用液體與氣(qi)體燃料(liao)。 　　要知(zhi)道，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)煉(lian)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)電(dian)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)易于(yu)控制，且無(wu)環境污染;利用這些熱(re)(re)源可(ke)以(yi)的(de)直接(jie)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)通過(guo)熔(rong)(rong)融的(de)鹽或(huo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)屬(shu)，以(yi)至浮動粒子(zi)進(jin)行(xing)間(jian)接(jie)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)。 　　此外，加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒結爐(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)重要工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)參數之一(yi)，選擇和控制加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保證真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)速凝(ning)爐(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理質(zhi)量的(de)主要問題。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)技(ji)巧 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)即真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)術與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)兩個***相(xiang)結合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歸納技(ji)術，是指熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)悉(xi)數(shu)和(he)部(bu)分(fen)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態下進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)。我國(guo)將(jiang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)劃分(fen)為低、中(zhong)、高(gao)(gao)和(he)超高(gao)(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)在(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)加工范(fan)疇有(you)(you)著很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展前景，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)：透熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、軋制、鍛造、彎管(guan)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(淬火(huo))、焊接等工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)感應(ying)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)。那(nei)么爐(lu)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)技(ji)巧是什么呢? 　　1.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)處理(li)鈦合(he)(he)金時，不宜用(yong)(yong)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作為冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體，因(yin)為鈦和(he)氮(dan)在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)下反(fan)響，構(gou)成金黃色的(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)化鈦。 　　2.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)活動銜(xian)接部(bu)分(fen)悉(xi)數(shu)采用(yong)(yong)O型橡膠圈密封(feng)銜(xian)接，此部(bu)分(fen)均通(tong)水(shui)冷(leng)卻(que)。 　　3.工件(jian)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態下淬火(huo)，應(ying)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)淬火(huo)油(you)，此油(you)具(ju)有(you)(you)較(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)飽和(he)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)。 　　4.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)養(yang)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)或(huo)充(chong)純氮(dan)狀(zhuang)態下，避免平時不用(yong)(yong)時吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，吸(xi)潮。 　　5.國(guo)內(nei)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)升(sheng)率(lv)應(ying)不大(da)(da)于(yu)1.33Pa/h，國(guo)外某些(xie)企(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)為0.67Pa/h 　　6.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)以輻(fu)射為主，工件(jian)在(zai)(zai)爐(lu)內(nei)應(ying)該(gai)堅持間距。 　　7.升(sheng)溫(wen)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，工件(jian)及(ji)爐(lu)內(nei)材(cai)料(liao)會放氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，使(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)下降。 　　8.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)回火(huo)、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)退火(huo)、真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)固溶(rong)處理(li)及(ji)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)時效的(de)(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)一般(ban)與(yu)慣例處理(li)時加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)相(xiang)同。 　　9.真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)應(ying)該(gai)具(ju)有(you)(you)快冷(leng)裝置(zhi)。冷(leng)卻(que)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)應(ying)該(gai)大(da)(da)于(yu)0.2Mpa，流量(liang)應(ying)可調。 　　10.冷(leng)卻(que)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體：鋼一般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)之99.995純度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)合(he)(he)金采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)之99.999的(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)氬氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，鈦合(he)(he)金采用(yong)(yong)百(bai)分(fen)之99.995的(de)(de)(de)(de)氬氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。 　　11.升(sheng)溫(wen)：放入工件(jian)后，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔煉爐(lu)一般(ban)先預抽至6.67Pa時方可升(sheng)溫(wen)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)。

　　真空(kong)燒結(jie)爐的(de)(de)(de)用途 　　真空(kong)燒結(jie)爐為數字化控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)墨加熱(re)爐，主要用于碳化硅陶(tao)瓷(ci)、碳化硼陶(tao)瓷(ci)等非氧化物陶(tao)瓷(ci)及(ji)其復合材料的(de)(de)(de)脫脂與燒結(jie)。爐底(di)也是由內外封頭(tou)和法蘭組成(cheng)，中間水(shui)(shui)冷，固(gu)定在爐體底(di)部(bu)，有電(dian)(dian)極引(yin)入，下壓頭(tou)進(jin)氣隔(ge)膜閥(fa)等組成(cheng)，并裝可(ke)調節高度位(wei)移傳感器. 　　真空(kong)燒結(jie)爐十大安(an)裝注意事項： 　　1、檢查控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)柜中所(suo)有部(bu)件(jian)及(ji)配件(jian)是否完備、完好。 　　2、真空(kong)燒結(jie)爐控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)柜安(an)裝在相應的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)基上，并固(gu)定。 　　3、安(an)照接(jie)線圖(tu)，并參考電(dian)(dian)氣原理圖(tu)，接(jie)通(tong)外接(jie)主回(hui)路及(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)回(hui)路，并可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)(di)，保證接(jie)線無誤。 　　4、檢查電(dian)(dian)器可(ke)動部(bu)分應活動自如，無卡(ka)死現象。 　　5、絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)應不低于2兆歐姆。 　　6、真空(kong)燒結(jie)爐各(ge)閥(fa)門必須(xu)在關閉位(wei)置(zhi)。 　　7、控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)源開(kai)關放(fang)在關位(wei)。 　　8、手動調壓旋鈕逆時針(zhen)旋動頭(tou)。 　　9、報(bao)警鈕放(fang)在開(kai)位(wei)。 　　10、按(an)平面圖(tu)完成(cheng)真空(kong)甩(shuai)帶爐的(de)(de)(de)循環冷卻水(shui)(shui)聯接(jie)，建議用戶在設備總進(jin)出水(shui)(shui)管處再接(jie)入一備用水(shui)(shui)(可(ke)用自來水(shui)(shui))，防(fang)止(zhi)循環水(shui)(shui)有故障或斷電(dian)(dian)導致密(mi)封圈燒壞。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)特(te)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)哪(na)(na)些呢(ni) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)特(te)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)(you)哪(na)(na)些呢(ni)?今天八佳小編(bian)就(jiu)和(he)(he)大(da)家說說，我(wo)們做個(ge)詳細的(de)(de)了(le)解。 　　(1) 嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)： 　　眾(zhong)所周知，金屬(shu)(shu)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)均在(zai)(zai)密(mi)閉的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，因此(ci)，獲得和(he)(he)維持爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)子原定的(de)(de)漏氣率，保證(zheng)(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)，對(dui)確(que)(que)保零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)質量有(you)(you)(you)著非常重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)意義。所以一個(ge)關鍵問題，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)可靠的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)構。為(wei)了(le)保證(zheng)(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)結(jie)(jie)構設計(ji)中必須遵循一個(ge)基本原則，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)要(yao)(yao)采(cai)用(yong)氣密(mi)焊接(jie)，同時在(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)上盡(jin)(jin)量少(shao)開或(huo)者不開孔(kong)，少(shao)采(cai)用(yong)或(huo)者避免(mian)采(cai)用(yong)動(dong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)構，以盡(jin)(jin)量減少(shao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏的(de)(de)機會(hui)。安裝在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)上的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、附件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)如(ru)水冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)導出裝置也(ye)都必須設計(ji)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)構。 　　(2)大(da)部(bu)分加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)只能(neng)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)使用(yong)： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)襯料(liao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)(yu)高(gao)溫下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)，因而對(dui)這(zhe)(zhe)些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)提出了(le)耐(nai)高(gao)溫，蒸汽壓(ya)低，輻(fu)射(she)效果(guo)好，導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系數小等(deng)(deng)(deng)要(yao)(yao)求。對(dui)抗氧化(hua)(hua)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)要(yao)(yao)求不高(gao)。所以，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)廣(guang)泛地采(cai)用(yong)了(le)鉭、鎢、鉬(mu)和(he)(he)石墨等(deng)(deng)(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)構料(liao)。這(zhe)(zhe)些材(cai)(cai)料(liao)在(zai)(zai)大(da)氣狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)極易氧化(hua)(hua)，因此(ci)，常規熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不能(neng)采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)些加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)(yu)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。 　　(3)水冷(leng)裝置： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)蓋(gai)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，分別處(chu)(chu)(chu)置(水冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極)、中間(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)門等(deng)(deng)(deng)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，均在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、受熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)種極為(wei)不利的(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，必須保證(zheng)(zheng)各部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)構不變形、不損壞，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈不過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、不燒(shao)毀(hui)。因此(ci)，各部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應該根據不同的(de)(de)情(qing)況設置水冷(leng)裝置，以保證(zheng)(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)能(neng)夠(gou)正常運(yun)行(xing)并有(you)(you)(you)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命。 　　(4)采(cai)用(yong)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)： 　　在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩(shuai)(shuai)帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容(rong)器(qi)內(nei)(nei)，當真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)(du)為(wei)幾(ji)(ji)托一lxlo-1托的(de)(de)范(fan)圍內(nei)(nei)時，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容(rong)器(qi)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)導體(ti)在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)，會(hui)產生輝(hui)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)，嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)會(hui)產生弧(hu)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒(shao)毀(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、隔(ge)(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)層等(deng)(deng)(deng)，造成重(zhong)大(da)事故和(he)(he)損失(shi)。因此(ci)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，一般(ban)都不超過80-100伏(fu)。同時在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)結(jie)(jie)構設計(ji)時要(yao)(yao)采(cai)取有(you)(you)(you)效措施，如(ru)盡(jin)(jin)量避免(mian)有(you)(you)(you)***的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)極間(jian)的(de)(de)間(jian)距不能(neng)太小窄(zhai)，以防止輝(hui)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)者弧(hu)光(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)發生。 　　(5)自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)高(gao)： 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)煉爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)之所以較(jiao)高(gao)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)金屬(shu)(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、冷(leng)卻(que)等(deng)(deng)(deng)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)十(shi)幾(ji)(ji)個(ge)甚(shen)至幾(ji)(ji)十(shi)個(ge)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)來完成。這(zhe)(zhe)些動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內(nei)(nei)在(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)進行(xing)，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)無(wu)法接(jie)近(jin)。同時，有(you)(you)(you)些動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)如(ru)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)保溫結(jie)(jie)束后，金屬(shu)(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)淬(cui)火工(gong)(gong)(gong)序須六(liu)個(ge)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)并且要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)15秒(miao)鐘以內(nei)(nei)完成。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)迅速(su)的(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)來完成許多(duo)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)容(rong)易造成操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)緊張而構成誤操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因此(ci)，只有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)才能(neng)準確(que)(que)、及時按程序協調動(dong)。

　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)方式及(ji)維修方法(fa) 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)影響(xiang)設備安全(quan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)門(men)及(ji)齒圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)組成(cheng)。由(you)于真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)氣淬(cui)(cui)(cui)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)正壓和(he)負壓反復交替(ti)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊性(xing),為了保(bao)證設備使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)性(xing)同時(shi)實現(xian)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟性(xing),對(dui)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)殼和(he)齒圈(quan)通過(guo)計算(suan)法(fa)、查圖法(fa)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)理(li)論計算(suan),并采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)限元分析法(fa)對(dui)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)安全(quan)性(xing)分析。通過(guo)力學模型對(dui)設計結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)薄弱環節進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)優化,達到結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)安全(quan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)有(you)氣淬(cui)(cui)(cui)和(he)液(ye)(ye)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)兩種。氣淬(cui)(cui)(cui)即將工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)加熱(re)后向冷卻(que)(que)室中(zhong)(zhong)充(chong)以高(gao)純(chun)度中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)氣體(ti)(如(ru)氮(dan))進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)冷卻(que)(que)。適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于氣淬(cui)(cui)(cui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)高(gao)速(su)(su)鋼和(he)高(gao)碳高(gao)鉻鋼等馬氏體(ti)臨界(jie)冷卻(que)(que)速(su)(su)度較低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料。液(ye)(ye)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)將工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)加熱(re)室中(zhong)(zhong)加熱(re)后，移至(zhi)冷卻(que)(que)室中(zhong)(zhong)充(chong)入高(gao)純(chun)氮(dan)氣并立即送入淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)油(you)(you)槽，快速(su)(su)冷卻(que)(que)。如(ru)果(guo)需要高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面質量，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)和(he)固溶熱(re)處(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)火(huo)和(he)沉淀硬(ying)化仍應在(zai)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)甩帶(dai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)門(men)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否受損，如(ru)果(guo)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)上有(you)污(wu)物存在(zai)，巨(ju)力變壓器(qi)應及(ji)時(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)清潔，***好用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棉布(bu)(bu)蘸酒(jiu)(jiu)精擦(ca)(ca)拭后涂真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)脂。檢查爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)加熱(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)床、鉬屏是(shi)(shi)(shi)否完好，損壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零部件(jian)(jian)(jian)要及(ji)時(shi)維修和(he)更換(huan)。爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)內(nei)(nei)有(you)污(wu)染時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)塵(chen)器(qi)吸(xi)去灰塵(chen)寧波除(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)，并用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)綢布(bu)(bu)蘸酒(jiu)(jiu)精擦(ca)(ca)拭加熱(re)室反射屏及(ji)加熱(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian);若爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)壁(bi)有(you)油(you)(you)污(wu)時(shi)，先用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棉布(bu)(bu)蘸汽油(you)(you)除(chu)去油(you)(you)污(wu)，再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棉布(bu)(bu)蘸酒(jiu)(jiu)精擦(ca)(ca)拭。 　　真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)熔煉爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)每次工(gong)(gong)作結(jie)(jie)(jie)束，應抽(chou)到一(yi)定真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)度下保(bao)存。檢查機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)位，在(zai)油(you)(you)位低于標(biao)記線時(shi)應補加新油(you)(you)至(zhi)油(you)(you)標(biao)處(chu);當發(fa)現(xian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)有(you)乳(ru)化#油(you)(you)水混合物，粘稠并泛白色$現(xian)象時(shi)，要及(ji)時(shi)更換(huan)舊油(you)(you)，其方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)(shi)擰開機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)放(fang)油(you)(you)孔壓帽，放(fang)出舊油(you)(you)，從(cong)加油(you)(you)孔加入少許新油(you)(you)，沖洗泵(beng)(beng)腔次，然后擰緊機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)放(fang)油(you)(you)孔壓帽，從(cong)加油(you)(you)孔加注新油(you)(you)至(zhi)標(biao)處(chu)不(bu)宜過(guo)多，擰緊機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)加油(you)(you)孔壓帽。在(zai)此過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)，要防止加放(fang)油(you)(you)孔密(mi)(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)損壞(huai)，如(ru)有(you)損壞(huai)即時(shi)更換(huan)。每班(ban)結(jie)(jie)(jie)束后，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棉布(bu)(bu)擦(ca)(ca)拭爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)外表，清除(chu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)泵(beng)(beng)和(he)擴散泵(beng)(beng)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)灰塵(chen)和(he)油(you)(you)污(wu)。

　　真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)原理(li)及(ji)用(yong)途(tu) 　　真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)是在真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)條件下，利用(yong)中(zhong)頻(pin)感(gan)應加熱原理(li)，將(jiang)金(jin)屬熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)化的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)套真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冶煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)設(she)備(bei)。適用(yong)于科研與生產單(dan)位對鎳(nie)基合金(jin)及(ji)特殊鋼、精密合金(jin)、高溫合金(jin)、有色金(jin)屬及(ji)其(qi)合金(jin)在真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)或保護氣(qi)氛下進(jin)(jin)行(xing)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)和(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄(zhu)。也可(ke)用(yong)做稀土金(jin)屬及(ji)貯氫材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)和(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄(zhu). 　　真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)主要結構及(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：按(an)結構形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為立式(shi)(shi)和(he)臥式(shi)(shi)兩種(zhong)(zhong)系(xi)(xi)列。按(an)出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)方式(shi)(shi)立式(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)列又分(fen)(fen)(fen)為上出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、下出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、側出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)三種(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi);臥式(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)列又分(fen)(fen)(fen)為底出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)上出(chu)(chu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)兩種(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)。 　　真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)主要組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為：電爐(lu)(lu)(lu)本體(含(han)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi))、真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、進(jin)(jin)電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、水(shui)冷(leng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、液壓(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、氣(qi)動系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、電氣(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、中(zhong)頻(pin)電源。 　　真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)過程中(zhong)可(ke)在不破(po)壞熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)室真空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)情況下進(jin)(jin)行(xing)測溫、取樣(yang)、搗(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、觀察、主補加料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)合金(jin)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)份調整等。與此同(tong)時可(ke)通(tong)過充(chong)氣(qi)閥充(chong)入惰性氣(qi)體以控(kong)制(zhi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)內的(de)壓(ya)力和(he)氣(qi)氛。澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄(zhu)可(ke)澆(jiao)(jiao)一錠(ding)和(he)多(duo)錠(ding)及(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入預(yu)熱保溫錠(ding)模、水(shui)冷(leng)錠(ding)模、砂型(xing)箱等以及(ji)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)離心澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄(zhu)。按(an)功能形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為周(zhou)期式(shi)(shi)及(ji)半連續式(shi)(shi)作業。

　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣抽(chou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)干凈(jing)是(shi)啥原因(yin)(yin)(yin) 　　真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)平時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試驗中如(ru)(ru)(ru)果有(you)(you)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)一個液(ye)(ye)體(ti)蒸發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(高(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)下(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)需要(yao)(yao)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)也能(neng)氣化)，可(ke)以通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)長時(shi)間(jian)拉(la)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)來(lai)氣化掉這(zhe)部(bu)分(fen)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)從而達(da)到(dao)高(gao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(等(deng)穩定)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)果長時(shi)間(jian)都達(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)目(mu)標氣壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua)，就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)羅茨泵(beng)了(le)，你可(ke)以直接(jie)(jie)測一下(xia)羅茨泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)(ji)限(xian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(不(bu)(bu)(bu)接(jie)(jie)入其(qi)他(ta)系(xi)(xi)統)，若完好(hao)則就(jiu)是(shi)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)性能(neng)了(le)。 　　(1)水(shui)冷(leng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)殼、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)蓋、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)導別處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)(水(shui)冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji))、中間(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)門等(deng)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，均在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、受熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)狀態下(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種極(ji)(ji)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)下(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，必須(xu)保(bao)證(zheng)各部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)變形、不(bu)(bu)(bu)損(sun)壞，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)燒(shao)(shao)毀(hui)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)各部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)應該根據不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)冷(leng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，以保(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)能(neng)夠正常運行(xing)并(bing)有(you)(you)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽命。 　　(2)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大(da)(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流：在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器(qi)內，當真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度為(wei)幾托一lxlo-1托的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍內時(shi)，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)容器(qi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導體(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)，會(hui)產生輝光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)內，嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)產生弧光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒(shao)(shao)毀(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)、隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)層等(deng)，造成(cheng)重(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)事(shi)故(gu)和(he)損(sun)失。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，一般(ban)都不(bu)(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)80一100伏。同時(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)設(she)計時(shi)要(yao)(yao)采(cai)取有(you)(you)效措施，如(ru)(ru)(ru)盡量(liang)避免有(you)(you)***的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)距(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)太小(xiao)窄，以防止(zhi)輝光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或者(zhe)(zhe)弧光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生。 　　(3)大(da)(da)(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料只(zhi)能(neng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)狀態下(xia)使用(yong)(yong)：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)襯(chen)料是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)而對這(zhe)些(xie)材(cai)料提出(chu)了(le)耐(nai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，蒸汽壓低，輻射效果好(hao)，導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數小(xiao)等(deng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。對抗(kang)氧(yang)化性能(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)。所以，真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)廣泛采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了(le)鉭、鎢、鉬和(he)石墨等(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)構(gou)料。這(zhe)些(xie)材(cai)料在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)氣狀態下(xia)極(ji)(ji)易氧(yang)化，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此，常規熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)這(zhe)些(xie)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料。 　　(4)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)：金(jin)(jin)屬零件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)均在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)密(mi)閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)燒(shao)(shao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)內進(jin)行(xing)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此，獲(huo)得和(he)維(wei)持爐(lu)(lu)(lu)子原定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏氣率，保(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)度，對確(que)(que)保(bao)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)有(you)(you)著非常重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。所以真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個關鍵問題，就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)。為(wei)了(le)保(bao)證(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)性能(neng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)設(she)計中必須(xu)道循一個基本原則，就(jiu)是(shi)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)要(yao)(yao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)氣密(mi)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)，同時(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)上(shang)盡量(liang)少(shao)開或者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)開孔(kong)，少(shao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)或者(zhe)(zhe)避免采(cai)用(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)，以盡量(liang)減少(shao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機會(hui)。安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)體(ti)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、附(fu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)如(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)冷(leng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶導出(chu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)也都必須(xu)設(she)計密(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)。 　　(5)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化程(cheng)度高(gao)：真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)甩帶爐(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化程(cheng)度之所以較(jiao)高(gao)，是(shi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)金(jin)(jin)屬工件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、冷(leng)卻等(deng)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，需要(yao)(yao)十(shi)幾個甚至(zhi)幾十(shi)個動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)來(lai)完成(cheng)。這(zhe)些(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)內進(jin)行(xing)，操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)無法接(jie)(jie)近。同時(shi)，有(you)(you)些(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)束后，金(jin)(jin)屬工件(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)淬(cui)火工序須(xu)六個動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)并(bing)且要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)15秒鐘以內完成(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)樣(yang)迅速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)完成(cheng)許(xu)多動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，是(shi)很容易造成(cheng)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊張而構(gou)成(cheng)誤(wu)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此，只(zhi)有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化才能(neng)準(zhun)確(que)(que)、及(ji)時(shi)按程(cheng)序協(xie)調動(dong)(dong)(dong)。